Computer Abbreviation

COMPUTER Abbreviation 

A

ALU - Arithmetic logic unit 

ACPI - Advanced Configuration and Power Interface 

AC - Alternating Current 

AM - Amplitude Modulated 

AMD - Advanced Micro Devices , Inc. 

AMD - Advanced Micro Devices , Inc. 

AMI - American Megatrends Inc. 

ANSI - American National Standards Institute 

API - Application Program Interface 

APIC - Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller 

APM - Advanced Power Management

ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange 

ASIC - Application Specific Integrated Circuit 

ASPL- Advanced SCSI ProgrammingInterface 

AT - Advanced Technology 

ATA- AT Bus Attachment 

ATAPI - ATA Packet Interface 

ATM - Asynchronous Transfer Mode 

B 

BBS - Bulletin Board System 

BCC - Block Check Character 

BSC - Binary Synchronous Communications 

BSD - Berkeley Standard Distribution

BTU - British Thermal Units 

BCD - Binary Coded Decimal 

BIOS - Basic Input / Output System 

BNC - Bayonet Nut Connector 

BPS - Bytes Per Second 

bps - bits Per Second

 C 

CAM - Computer Aided Manufacturing 

CAD - Computer Aided Design 

CAS - Column Address Strobe 

CPU - Central Processing Unit 

CPI - Clocks Per Instruction 

CR - Carriage Return 

CUI - Composite User Interface

CRT - Cathode Ray Tube 

CRC - Cyclical Redundancy Check 

CD - Carrier Detect & Compact Disc 

CD - R - Compact Disc - Recordable 

CD - RW - Compact Disc - ReWritable 

CD - ROM - Compact disc read - only memory 

CGA - Color Graphics Adapter 

CHS - Cylinder Head Sector 

COMPUTER - Common Oriented Machine Particularly used for Trade Education and Research 

CMOS - Complementary Metal - Oxide Semiconductor 

CPLD - Complex Programmable Logic Device

CSR - Command Status Register 

CRC - Cyclic Redundancy Check 

CTS - Clear To Send 

D 

DVI - Digital Visual Interface 

DVD - Digital Video Disc or Digital Versatile Disc 

DAT - Digital Audio Tape 

DC - Direct Current 

DCD - Data Carrier Detect 

DCE - Data Circuit - terminating Equipment 

DD - Double Density 

DEC - Digital Equipment Corporation 

DIMM - Dual Inline Memory Module

DIP - Dual - In - line Package 

DMA - Direct Memory Access 

DMI - Desktop Management Interface 

DOS - Disk Operating System 

DPE - Data Parity Error 

DRAM - Dynamic Random Access Memory 

DS - Double Sided 

DSP - Digital Signal Processor 

DSR - Data Set Ready 

DTA - Disk Transfer Area 

DTC - Data Terminal Controller 

DTE - Data Terminating Equipment 

DTR - Data Terminal Ready

DIP - Dual - In - line Package 

DMA - Direct Memory Access 

DMI - Desktop Management Interface 

DOS - Disk Operating System 

DPE - Data Parity Error 

DRAM - Dynamic Random Access Memory 

DS - Double Sided 

DSP - Digital Signal Processor 

DSR - Data Set Ready 

DTA - Disk Transfer Area 

DTC - Data Terminal Controller 

DTE - Data Terminating Equipment 

DTR - Data Terminal Ready

E

 EBCDIC - Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code 

EC - Error Check 

ECC - Error Check and Correction 

ECP - Enhanced Communication Port 

ECU - EISA Configuration Utility 

EDO - Extended Data Out RAM 

EEPROM - Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory 

EGA - Enhanced Graphics Adapter 

EIA - Electronic Industries Association 

EIDE - Enhanced Integrated Device Electronics 

EISA - Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture

EMI - Electro - Magnetic Interference 

EMF - Electro - Magnetic Force 

EMM - Expanded Memory Manager 

EMS - Expanded Memory Specification 

EOF - End Of File 

EOL - End Of Line 

EPP - Enhanced Parallel Port 

EPROM - Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory 

ESCD - Extended System Configuration Data 

ESD - Electro - Static Discharge 

ESDI - Enhanced Small Devices Interface 

F 

FTP - File Transfer Protocol

FAT - File Allocation Table 

FCC - Federal Communications Commission 

FDD - Fixed / Floppy Disk Drive 

FDDI - Fiber Distributed Data Interface 

FDM - Frequency Division Multiplexing 

FDX - Full - Duplex Transmission 

FE - Front End FEP - Front End Processor 

FF - Form Feed 

FIFO - First - In First - Out 

FILO - First - In Last - Out 

FM - Frequency Modulation 

FPGA - Field Programmable Gate Array

FPM - Fast Page Mode RAM 

FPU - Floating Point Unit 

FRC - Functional Redundancy Checking 

FRU - Field - Replaceable Unit 

FSF - Free Software Foundation 

FSK - Frequency Shifty Keying 

G 

GUI - Graphical user interface 

GAS - Gallium Arsenide 

GFLOPS - Billions of Floating Point Operations Per Second 

H 

HTML - Hyper Text Markup Language 

HD - High Density 

HDD - Hard Disk Drive

HDX - Half - Duplex Transmission 

HFS - Hierarchical File System 

HPFS - High Performance File System 

I

IBM - International Business Machines 

I/O - Input / Output 

IC - Integrated Circuit 

IDE - Integrated Device Electronics 

IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers 

IMP - Interface Message Processor 

IP - Internet Protocol 

IPC - Inter Process Communication 

IPX - Inter network Packet exchange

IRQ - Interrupt Request 

ISA - Industry Standard Architecture 

ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network 

ISO - International Standards Organization 

ISR - Interrupt Service Routine 

IVT - Interrupt Vector Table 

J

 JFS - Journalized File System 

K 

KNI - Katmai New Instructions

 KVA - KiloVolt - Amps

 L 

LBA - Linear Block Array / Addressing 

LCD - Liquid crystal display 

LAN - Local area network

LOGO - Language of Graphic - Oriented 

LED - Light Emitting Diode LF - Line Feed 

LIF - Low Insertion Force 

LIM - Lotus / Intel / Microsofts Expanded Memory Manager 

LRU - Least - Recently Used 

LSB - Least Significant Byte / bit 

LSI - Large Scale Integration 

LUN - Logical Unit Number 

LASER - Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

 M 

MAN - Metropolitan area network 

MESI - Modified / Exclusive / Shared / Invalid

MIPS - Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages 

MSO - Micro Soft Office , Multi system operator

 MB / Mb - Mega Bytes / bits 

MBR - Master Boot Record 

MCA - Micro Channel Architecture 

MCGA - Multi - Color Graphics Array 

MCM - Multi - Chip Module 

MDRAM - Multi - bank RAM 

MFLOPS - Millions of FLOating Point Operations per Second 

MEM - Modified Frequency Modulated

MHz - MegaHertz 

MICR- Magnetic Ink Character

MICR- Magnetic Ink Character Recognition 

MIDI - Musical Instrument Data Interface 

MIMD - Multiple - Instruction Multiple - Data 

MISD - Multiple - Instruction Single Data 

MMX - Multi - Media Extensions 

MNP - Microcom Network Protocol 

MODEM - MOdulator / DEModulator 

MOPS - Millions of Operations Per Second 

MOS - Metal - Oxide Semiconductor 

MP - Multi - Processor 

MPP - Massively Parallel Processor 

MPS - Multi - Processor System 

MSB - Most Significant Byte / bit

MSDOS - Microsoft's Disk Operating System 

MSI - Medium Scale Integration 

MTBF - Mean Time Between Failure 

N

N/C - No - Connect 

NBS - National Bureau of Standards 

NEMA - National Electrical Manufacturers Association 

NFS - Network File System 

NFU - Not - Frequently Used 

NIC - Network Interface Card 

NMI - Non - Maskable Interrupt 

NMOS - Negatively doped Metal - Oxide Semiconductor

NOP - No Operation 

NRU Not Recently Used 

NOS - Network Operating System 

NSF - National Science Foundation 

NTFS - New Technology File System 

NVRAM - NonVolatile Random Access Memory 

O

OCR - Optical Character Recognition 

ODI - Open Data link Interface 

OEM - Original Equipment Manufacturer 

OS - Operating System 

OSF - Open Software Foundation 

OSI - Open Systems Interconnect

P 

PAL - Programmable Array Logic 

PB - Push Button 

PBX - Private Branch eXtender 

PC - Personal Computer , Program Counter 

PCB - Printed Circuit Board 

PCI - Peripheral Component Interconnect 

PCM - Pulse Code Modulation 

PCMCIA - Personal Computer Memory Card International Association 

PE - Processor Element 

PFF - Page Fault Frequency 

PGA - Professional Graphics Array 

PGA - Pin Grid Array

PIC - Programmable Interrupt Controller 

PIO - Programmed Input / Output 

PIROM - Processor Information ROM 

PLA - Programmable Logic Array 

PLCC - Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier 

PLD - Programmable Logic Devices 

PLL - Phase Locked Loop 

PM - Preventive Maintenance 

PMOS - Positively doped Metal - Oxide Semiconductor 

PnP - Plug - and - Play 

POST - Power On Self Test 

PPP - Point - to - Point Protocol 

PQFP - Plastic Quad Flat Pack

PROM - Programmable Read Only Memory 

PSTN - Public Switched Telephone Network 

PSP - Program Segment Prefix 

PTE - Page Table Entry 

Q 

QAM - Quadrature Amplitude Modulation 

QFP - Quad Flat Pack 

QIC - Quarter Inch Cartridge 

R 

RAM - Random - access memory 

RAID - Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks 

RAMDAC - Random Access Memory Digital to Analogue Converter 

RAS - Row Address Strobe

RCA - Radio Corporation of America 

RCC - Routing Control Center 

RDRAM - Rambus DRAM 

RFC - Request For Comments 

RFI - Radio Frequency Interference 

RI - Ring Indicator 

RISC - Reduced Instruction - Set Computer 

RLL - Run Length Limited 

RMS - Root Mean Squared 

RMW - Read Modify Write 

ROM - Read Only Memory 

RPC - Remote Procedure Call 

RPM - Rotations Per Minute

RTC - Real Time Clock 

RTS - Request To Send 

S 

SAM - Sequential Access Memory 

SASI - Shugart Associates Standard Interface

 SCSI - Small Computer Systems Interface 

SD - Single Density 

SDLC - Synchronous Data Link Control 

SDRAM - Synchronous Dynamic RAM 

SDRAM DDR - Double Data Rate SDRAM 

SDRAM BDDR - Bi - Directional Strobed DDR SDRAM 

SE - Systems Engineer 

SEC - Single Edge Contact

SFF - Small Form Factor 

SGRAM - Synchronous Graphics RAM 

SMS - Short Message Service 

SIMD - Single - Instruction Multiple - Data 

SIMM - Single Inline Memory Module 

SIPP - Single Inline Pinned Package 

SISD - Single - Instruction Single - Data 

SLIP - Serial Line Internet Protocol 

SMD - Surface Mount Device 

SMT - Surface Mount Technology 

SNA - System Network Architecture 

SNR - Signal to Noise Ratio 

SOL - Small Out Line

SOIC - Small Outline Integrated Circuit 

SPOOL - Simultaneous Peripheral Operation On Line 

SPT - Sectors Per Track 

SPU - Single Processor Unit 

SRAM - Static Random Access Memory 

SS - Single Sided 

STDM - Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing 

STN - Super Twisted Nematic 

STU - Streaming Tape Unit 

SVGA - Super Video Graphics Array 

T 

TCM - Trellis Code Modulation 

TCP - Transmission Control Protocol

TCP / IP - Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol 

TDM - Time Division Multiplexing 

TI - Texas Instruments 

TIA - Telecomm Industry Association 

TLB - Translation - Look aside Buffer 

TPL- Tracks Per Inch 

TRANSISTOR - TRANSformer resISTOR 

TSR - Terminate and Stay Resident 

TTL - Transistor - Transistor Logic 

U

UAE - Unrecoverable Application Error 

UART - Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter 

USART - Universal Synchronous / Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter 

UDP - User Datagram Protocol 

UMB - Upper Memory Block 

USB - Universal Serial Bus 

UNIX - A trademark used for a computer disk operating system 

UPS - Uninterruptible power supply 

USL - UNIX System Labs 

UUCP - UNIX to UNIX Copy Program

 V 

VIRUS - Vital Information Resources Under Seize

 VDU - Visual Display Unit 

VBE - Video BIOS Extensions

VDU - Visual Display Unit 

VBE - Video BIOS Extensions 

VCR - Video Cassette Recorder 

VESA - Video Enhanced Standards Association 

VGA - Video Graphics Array 

VLB - VESA Local Bus 

VLIW - Very Long Instruction Word 

VLSI - Very Large Scale Integration 

VM - Virtual Memory 

VME - Versa Module Euro - car 

VRAM - Video Random Access Memory 

VRT - Voltage Reduction Technology 

VTR - Video Tape Recorder

W 

WAN - Wide area network 

WATS - Wide Area Telephone Service 

WD - Western Digital 

WORM - Write Once Read - Many 

WRAM - Window Random Access Memory 

WS- Wait State 

WWW - World Wide Web 

X 

XGA - eXtended Graphics Array 

XMS - Extended Memory Specification 

XOR - Exclusive - OR 

XNOR - Exclusive - NOR 

XT - eXtended Technology

Z 

ZIF - Zero Insertion Force